Given this information, you can readily solve the material’s volume by taking its weight. You can find the density of a known material in a density table. To know these values, use a density table. Ditto with gases as well, as their density depends upon pressure and temperature.Īs aforementioned, the most common substances already have given density values. But things can get a bit more complicated with liquids since their density tends to change with the temperature. You can check them online or on “density tables.” For solid objects, calculations are very straightforward. Because this property of matter is essential in many science labs, the density of many known substances are already known. When you know the value of two, you can solve for the third. You can also conclude that the three variables are all related to each other. This is a simple formula which only involves three variables:įrom this equation, we can derive that density is a quantity of mass per unit volume.
If you need to calculate the density of an object manually, use the density formula. These are the standard measurements of density. We’ve heard about measurements like grams per cubic centimetre or pounds per square foot. If placed in a mathematical equation, you determine this property by the mass contained within a given volume. The density of any material refers to how compact a certain object is.
#Density equation how to#
After you’ve learned how to calculate density and you’re done the manual calculation, use the calculator to check your answer. You only need to enter two values, and it performs the calculation for you. June 1992.This online density calculator is a simple, easy to use tool.
Department of Energy, THERMODYNAMICS, HEAT TRANSFER, AND FLUID FLOW. DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 1, 2 and 3. Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, Fifth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN: 978-7-0 Thermodynamics in Nuclear Power Plant Systems. Nuclear Systems Volume I: Thermal Hydraulic Fundamentals, Second Edition. Nuclear Reactor Engineering: Reactor Systems Engineering, Springer 4th edition, 1994, ISBN: 978-0412985317 Stacey, Nuclear Reactor Physics, John Wiley & Sons, 2001, ISBN: 0- 471-39127-1. Baratta, Introduction to Nuclear Engineering, 3d ed., Prentice-Hall, 2001, ISBN: 8-1. Lamarsh, Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory, 2nd ed., Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA (1983). It differs by about 9% and therefore ice floats on liquid water It has a maximum of density at 3.98 ☌ (1000 kg/m 3), whereas the density of ice is 917 kg/m 3. For example, water differs from most liquids in that it becomes less dense as it freezes. It must be noted, there are exceptions from this rule. Where ∆T is the change in temperature, V is the original volume, ∆V is the change in volume, and α V is the coefficient of volume expansion. The change in volume of a material which undergoes a temperature change is given by following relation: This phenomenon is known as thermal expansion.
However, the amount of expansion or contraction varies, depending on the material. Most substances expand when heated and contract when cooled. The effect of temperature on the densities of liquids and solids is also very important. Compressibility is a measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response to a pressure change. On the other hand, the density of gases is strongly affected by pressure. The effect of pressure on the densities of liquids and solids is very very small. Increasing the pressure always increases the density of a material. In general, density can be changed by changing either the pressure or the temperature.
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